\u9648\u7389\u5b87<\/p>\n
\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5149\u534e\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388<\/p>\n
\u672c\u6587\u6240\u79f0\u201c\u4eca\u5e74\u201d\u63072026\u5e74\uff1b\u6587\u4e2d\u5f53\u5e74\u6570\u636e\u5747\u4e3a\u622a\u81f3\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
2026\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u51fa\u53e3\u589e\u957f\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u8fdb\u53e3\u589e\u957f\u4e5f\u5f88\u5feb\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff1a\u4eca\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u6765\u81ea\u51fa\u53e3\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u662f\u770b\u51c0\u51fa\u53e3\uff0c\u5373 NX = X \u2212 M\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e00\u56de\u7b54\u5728\u56fd\u6c11\u8d26\u6237\u6838\u7b97\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6309\u7167\u652f\u51fa\u6cd5\uff0c<\/p>\n
GDP = C + I + G + X \u2212 M.<\/p>\n
\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8981\u8ba1\u7b97\u56fd\u6c11\u8d26\u6237\u4e2d\u51c0\u51fa\u53e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u9879\u5bf9GDP\u589e\u957f\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u5e94\u8be5\u770b X \u2212 M \u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n
\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u8ba9\u5b83\u56de\u7b54\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u51fa\u53e3\u6269\u5f20\u7a76\u7adf\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u589e\u52a0\u503c\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u51c0\u51fa\u53e3\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n \u8981\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8981\u95ee\uff1aGDP\u6838\u7b97\u6052\u7b49\u5f0f\u4e2d\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u51cf\u53bb\u8fdb\u53e3\uff1f<\/p>\n \u539f\u56e0\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8fdb\u53e3\u672c\u8eab\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11GDP\u3002<\/p>\n \u5f53\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u5ead\u8d2d\u4e701\u4e07\u5143\u8fdb\u53e3\u5546\u54c1\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd91\u4e07\u5143\u4f1a\u5148\u88ab\u8ba1\u5165\u6d88\u8d39 C\uff1b\u5f53\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e00\u53f0\u8fdb\u53e3\u673a\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5148\u88ab\u8ba1\u5165\u6295\u8d44 I\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5546\u54c1\u5e76\u975e\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba1\u5165\u4e2d\u56fdGDP\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7 M \u518d\u6263\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n \u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u2212M \u9996\u5148\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u7b97\u8c03\u6574\u9879\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u662f\u4ece\u6d88\u8d39\u3001\u6295\u8d44\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u8d2d\u4e70\u548c\u51fa\u53e3\u4e2d\u5254\u9664\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5883\u5916\u589e\u52a0\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n \u8fd9\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u51c0\u51fa\u53e3\u5e76\u975e\u4e25\u683c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u6e90\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u7aef\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c31\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u51fa\u53e3\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u4f46\u56fd\u5185\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8870\u9000\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u548c\u6295\u8d44\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u8fdb\u53e3\u56e0\u6b64\u51cf\u5c11100\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\u3002\u5219<\/p>\n \u2206NX = 0 \u2212 (\u2212100) = 100.<\/p>\n \u51c0\u51fa\u53e3\u5bf9GDP\u589e\u957f\u7684\u6838\u7b97\u8d21\u732e\u4e0a\u5347\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u56e0\u6b64\u591a\u4e70\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e2d\u56fd\u5546\u54c1\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u5916\u9700\u8d21\u732e\u201d\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u6765\u81ea\u56fd\u5185\u9700\u6c42\u6536\u7f29\u3002<\/p>\n \u4eca\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u6070\u597d\u4ece\u76f8\u53cd\u65b9\u5411\u66b4\u9732\u4e86\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u51fa\u53e3\u548c\u8fdb\u53e3\u90fd\u589e\u52a015\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u51c0\u51fa\u53e3\u6ca1\u6709\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u6309\u652f\u51fa\u6cd5\u6838\u7b97\uff0c\u51c0\u51fa\u53e3\u5bf9GDP\u589e\u957f\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u4e3a\u96f6\u3002\u4f46\u6d77\u5916\u5e02\u573a\u786e\u5b9e\u591a\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86\u4ef7\u503c15\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5546\u54c1\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u786e\u5b9e\u4e3a\u6b64\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u751f\u4ea7\u3002<\/p>\n \u95ee\u9898\u51fa\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff1f<\/p>\n \u4e8c\u3001\u6309\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u6e90\u91cd\u65b0\u770bGDP<\/strong><\/p>\n \u66f4\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u6309\u6700\u7ec8\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u6e90\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u89e3GDP\u3002<\/p>\n \u8bbe DV A(j) \u8868\u793a\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5883\u5185\u4e3a\u6ee1\u8db3\u7b2c j \u7c7b\u6700\u7ec8\u9700\u6c42\u800c\u521b\u9020\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u503c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d j =C, I, G, X\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff1a<\/p>\n GDP = DV A(C) + DV A(I) + DV A(G) + DV A(X).<\/p>\n \u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u9879\u90fd\u53ea\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u56fd\u5883\u5185\u521b\u9020\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n \u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u5199\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\u3002\u6d88\u8d39\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u53e3\u6210\u5206\u5e94\u4ece\u6d88\u8d39\u603b\u652f\u51fa\u4e2d\u6263\u9664\uff1b\u6295\u8d44\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u53e3\u6210\u5206\u5e94\u4ece\u6295\u8d44\u4e2d\u6263\u9664\uff1b\u653f\u5e9c\u8d2d\u4e70\u540c\u7406\uff1b\u51fa\u53e3\u4e2d\u7684\u5883\u5916\u589e\u52a0\u503c\u5219\u4ece\u51fa\u53e3\u4e2d\u6263\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n \u4f20\u7edf\u6052\u7b49\u5f0f<\/p>\n GDP = C + I + G + X \u2212 M<\/p>\n \u5728\u6838\u7b97\u4e0a\u5f53\u7136\u5b8c\u5168\u7b49\u4ef7\u3002\u4f46\u4e3a\u6838\u7b97\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u5b83\u628a\u5404\u7c7b\u6700\u7ec8\u9700\u6c42\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u53e3\u6210\u5206\u96c6\u4e2d\u5230 M\u4e00\u9879\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u6263\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n \u5982\u679c\u8ba8\u8bbaGDP\u603b\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u4e0d\u540c\u6700\u7ec8\u9700\u6c42\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u591a\u5c11\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u589e\u52a0\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u5168\u90e8\u8fdb\u53e3\u90fd\u5f52\u5230\u51fa\u53e3\u9879\u4e0b\u6263\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n \u771f\u6b63\u4e0e\u51fa\u53e3\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n DV A(X) = X \u2212 \u51fa\u53e3\u4e2d\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5883\u5916\u589e\u52a0\u503c.<\/p>\n \u8fd9\u624d\u662f\u6d77\u5916\u5e02\u573a\u6240\u5438\u6536\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u589e\u52a0\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e09\u3001\u4eca\u5e74\u5927\u7ea6\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n \u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u7c97\u7565\u8ba1\u7b97\u5c31\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n OECD\u8d38\u6613\u589e\u52a0\u503c\uff08TiVA\uff09\u6570\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u51fa\u53e3\u7684\u56fd\u5185\u589e\u52a0\u503c\u7387\u5df2\u7ecf\u660e\u663e\u9ad8\u4e8e\u52a0\u5de5\u8d38\u6613\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5927\u4f53\u572880%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u6bcf100\u5143\u4e2d\u56fd\u51fa\u53e3\u4e2d\uff0c\u670980\u591a\u5143\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e2d\u56fd\u5883\u5185\u521b\u9020\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n \u82e5\u4eca\u5e74\u51fa\u53e3\u589e\u957f\u7ea615%\uff0c\u51fa\u53e3\u89c4\u6a21\u7ea6\u5360GDP\u768420%\uff0c\u51fa\u53e3\u56fd\u5185\u589e\u52a0\u503c\u7387\u53d682%\uff0c\u5219<\/p>\n \u2206DV A(X)GDP\u2248 15% \u00d7 20% \u00d7 82% \u2248 2.5%.<\/p>\n \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u7c97\u7684\u4f30\u7b97\u662f\uff1a\u4eca\u5e74\u65b0\u589e\u51fa\u53e3\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u56fd\u5185\u589e\u52a0\u503c\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8eGDP\u76842.5%\u3002<\/p>\n \u82e5\u4eca\u5e74GDP\u589e\u957f\u7ea65%\uff0c\u4ec5\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u8fd9\u7ea6\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u540c\u671fGDP\u589e\u91cf\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u3002\u8fd9\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53e3\u5f84\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7ea615%\u7684\u51fa\u53e3\u589e\u957f\u662f\u540d\u4e49\u8d38\u6613\u989d\u589e\u901f\uff0c\u800cGDP\u589e\u957f\u7387\u662f\u6309\u4e0d\u53d8\u4ef7\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u589e\u901f\u3002\u51fa\u53e3\u4ef7\u683c\u548c\u6c47\u7387\u53d8\u5316\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u524d\u8005\u3002\u4e25\u683c\u6838\u7b97\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u53d8\u4ef7\u51fa\u53e3\u589e\u957f\u53ca\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u56fd\u5185\u589e\u52a0\u503c\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c2.5%\u9996\u5148\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u4f30\u7b97\u3002\u5b83\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u51fa\u53e3\u6269\u5f20\u5bf9\u4eca\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u51c0\u51fa\u53e3\u5bf9GDP\u589e\u957f\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u7387\u6240\u663e\u793a\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n \u56db\u3001\u51fa\u53e3\u5438\u6536\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u5916\u9700\u62c9\u52a8<\/strong><\/p>\n \u8fd9\u91cc\u8fd8\u9700\u533a\u5206\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bb9\u6613\u6df7\u6dc6\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u51fa\u53e3\u5438\u6536\u4e0e\u5916\u9700\u62c9\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n \u51fa\u53e3\u5438\u6536\u95ee\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u4eca\u5e74\u6d77\u5916\u5e02\u573a\u6bd4\u53bb\u5e74\u591a\u5438\u6536\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u4e2d\u56fd\u521b\u9020\u7684\u56fd\u5185\u589e\u52a0\u503c\u3002\u524d\u9762\u4f30\u7b97\u7684\u7ea62.5%\uff0c\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n \u201c\u5916\u9700\u62c9\u52a8\u4e86GDP\u589e\u957f\u201d\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u679c\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u5b83\u9690\u542b\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u56fd\u5916\u9700\u6c42\u6ca1\u6709\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u51fa\u53e3\u4f1a\u5c11\u591a\u5c11\uff1f\u90a3\u4e9b\u672a\u51fa\u53e3\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u53c8\u4f1a\u600e\u6837\uff1f<\/p>\n \u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ea7\u54c1\u8f6c\u800c\u5185\u9500\uff0c\u6216\u751f\u4ea7\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u548c\u8d44\u672c\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u51fa\u53e3\u589e\u52a0\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u5168\u90e8\u7b97\u4f5cGDP\u7684\u589e\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e25\u683c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5916\u9700\u62c9\u52a8\uff0c\u5e94\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b9e\u9645\u4e16\u754c\u4e0e\u201c\u56fd\u5916\u9700\u6c42\u672a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u201d\u7684\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684GDP\u5dee\u989d\u3002\u8fd9\u65e2\u9700\u8981\u8bc6\u522b\u56fd\u5916\u9700\u6c42\u51b2\u51fb\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u8003\u8651\u56fd\u5185\u7ecf\u6d4e\u968f\u4e4b\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5747\u8861\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u51fa\u53e3\u5438\u6536\u4e0e\u5916\u9700\u62c9\u52a8\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd8\u9694\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e8c\u8005\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u63a5\u8fd1\uff1f\u5173\u952e\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5728\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\u8fd9\u4e9b\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u4f1a\u53bb\u54ea\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n 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